In order to understand why computer programming is important to the modern world, one has to first understand what a computer is? A computer is a dumb tool to perform lots of repetitive tasks, efficiently(time or space bound). As of now a computer is not able to analyze a problem and come up with a solution. Human Beings, on the other hand, are really good at analyzing and solving problems but get easily bored with repetitive tasks.
Human Beings, by utilizing their analytical and problem solving skills, can come up with algorithms(finite set of instructions, working with finite set of inputs to produce an output) for computable problems. A Computer can then follow these instructions and produce a solution.
Now to the really important stuff. Programming is a process, with 3 very important phases: Problem Identification and Solving Phase, Implementation Phase and Maintenance Phase. All three of them are important for computer programmers/software developers to be able to solve problems. A lot of developers would equate the programming process with only algorithm implementation, which is incorrect. Translating an algorithm into a programming language, which can then be compiled or interpreted and finally understood by a computer, is only a part of the programming process. In my humble opinion, it is also the easiest task.
In short, Computer Programming is a process by which you solve a problem.
In the modern world, with the amount of problems and their complexity increasing many fold, it is a tool to get solutions by carefully, pushing the repetitive tasks to the computer and thereby achieving “automation”, meanwhile still requiring input from programmers/software developers.
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