Data security controls have two major aspects:
1. data protection
2. authorization control
Data protections make sure that no any unauthorized person can understand the physical contents of data.
File systems in centralized and distributed operating systems are used to provide this type of security. Mostly used approach for providing this protection is data encryption.
Data encryption encodes the data such that nobody can understand the actual data contents.His encryption not only useful to secure the data stored on disks but also for exchanging the information over a network.
This encoded data can be decoded (decrypted) only by than authorized users that know what the code is.Authorization security control ensures that only privileged user can manipulate the data in the way they are allowed to do. The database management system must determine that which users are allowed to perform which functions and which data portion is accessible by them.
Authorization controls are different in a centralized database to the distributed database environment. Authorization control definition in a distributed database system is derived from that in centralized system but in the context of distributed system some additional complexity is also considered.
We can control DBMS software by using these controls. DBMS give the guarantee of the data security by enforcing authorization rules. It is also possible that you may loss your data due to many reasons. But DBMS provides backup and recovery method. DBMS allows you to make backup of data and if your data is very important then you must take frequent backups of the data. Backups are used to recover data from failure. These failures may belong to software and hardware.
Good answers. I can only add that securing data in DBMS usually includes encryption, data masking, loss prevention from data level to applying access control and monitoring database server. The most difficult part in data security is how you will prevent data loss from unaware end users who use data at work. By the way I also can recommend to check secure data storage solutions from Ciphertex, they provide a lot of possibilities for modern business!
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